RULIE : rule unification for learning information extraction

In this paper we are presenting RULIE (Rule Unification for Learning Information Extraction), an adaptive information extraction algorithm which works by employing a hybrid technique of Rule Learning and Rule Unification in order to extract relevant information from all types of documents which can be found and used in the semantic web. This algorithm combines the techniques of the LP2 and the BWI algorithms for improved performance. In this paper we are also presenting the experimen- tal results of this algorithm and respective details of evaluation. This evaluation compares RULIE to other information extraction algorithms based on their respective performance measurements and in almost all cases RULIE outruns the other algorithms which are namely: LP2 , BWI, RAPIER, SRV and WHISK. This technique would aid current techniques of linked data which would eventually lead to fullier realisation of the semantic web.peer-reviewe

Liver transplantation for "very early" intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: International retrospective study supporting a prospective assessment

The presence of an intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) in a cirrhotic liver is a contraindication for liver transplantation in most centers worldwide. Recent investigations have shown that "very early" iCCA (single tumors ≤2 cm) may have acceptable results after liver transplantation. This study further evaluates this finding in a larger international multicenter cohort. The study group was composed of those patients who were transplanted for hepatocellular carcinoma or decompensated cirrhosis and found to have an iCCA at explant pathology. Patients were divided into those with "very early" iCCA and those with "advanced" disease (single tumor >2 cm or multifocal disease). Between January 2000 and December 2013, 81 patients were found to have an iCCA at explant; 33 had separate nodules of iCCA and hepatocellular carcinoma, and 48 had only iCCA (study group). Within the study group, 15/48 (31%) constituted the "very early" iCCA group and 33/48 (69%) the "advanced" group. There were no significant differences between groups in preoperative characteristics. At explant, the median size of the largest tumor was larger in the "advanced" group (3.1 [2.5-4.4] versus 1.6 [1.5-1.8]). After a median follow-up of 35 (13.5-76.4) months, the 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year cumulative risks of recurrence were, respectively, 7%, 18%, and 18% in the very early iCCA group versus 30%, 47%, and 61% in the advanced iCCA group, P = 0.01. The 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year actuarial survival rates were, respectively, 93%, 84%, and 65% in the very early iCCA group versus 79%, 50%, and 45% in the advanced iCCA group, P = 0.02